Toxicity Data

Lethal Dose 50 (LD₅₀) oral (rat) 3188 mg/kg s

Lethal Concentration 50 (LC₅₀) inhal (rat) 25,000 mg/m³(2 h)

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) (OSHA) 12 ppm (36 mg/m³)--skin

Permissable Exposure Limit (PEL) (OSHA) 4 ppm (12 mg/m³)

Threshold Limit Value (TLV)-TWA (ACGIH) 10 ppm (31 mg/m³)--skin

Major Hazards
Extremely flammable, volatile liquid; vapors are readily ignited by hot surfaces.

Toxicity
Carbon disulfide is only slightly toxic to laboratory animals by inhalation or ingestion, but its toxicity is relatively greater in humans. Exposure to 5000 ppm of carbon disulfide for 15 minutes can be fatal to humans. Carbon disulfide may also exert its toxic effects after absorption through skin. By all routes of exposure, carbon disulfide affects the central nervous system. Overexposure to carbon disulfide may cause headache, dizziness, fatigue, muscle weakness, numbness, nervousness, or psychological disturbances. Contact of the liquid or high concentrations of carbon disulfide vapor with the eyes may cause irritation. Skin contact can also cause rash or skin irritation. Carbon disulfide is regarded as a substance with good warning properties.

Chronic exposure to relatively high concentrations of carbon disulfide may cause the central nervous system effects described above. In addition, chronic overexposure to carbon disulfide causes increased atherosclerosis, leading to risk of cardiovascular disease. Prolonged exposure of female workers to low concentrations of carbon disulfide has been associated with birth defects in offspring; exposure limit values provide little margin of safety for risk of developmental effects. Carbon disulfide has not been found to be a carcinogen in humans.